Tuberculosis vaccine developments and efficient delivery systems: A comprehensive appraisal

Rasoul Hoseinpour; Alka Hasani; Behzad Baradaran; Jalal Abdolalizadeh; Roya Salehi; Akbar Hasani; Edris Nabizadeh; Mina Yekani; Roqaiyeh Hasani; Hossein Samadi Kafil; Khalil Azizian; Mohammad Yousef Memar

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26193

Tuberculosis vaccine developments and efficient delivery systems: A comprehensive appraisal

Heliyon. 2024 Feb 14;10(4):e26193. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26193. eCollection 2024 Feb 29.

Authors

Rasoul Hoseinpour^{1

2

3}, Alka Hasani^{2

4

5}, Behzad Baradaran², Jalal Abdolalizadeh⁶, Roya Salehi⁶, Akbar Hasani⁷, Edris Nabizadeh^{1

2}, Mina Yekani^{8

9}, Roqaiyeh Hasani¹⁰, Hossein Samadi Kafil^{4

6}, Khalil Azizian¹¹, Mohammad Yousef Memar¹

Affiliations

¹ Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
² Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
³ Department of Laboratory sciences and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
⁴ Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
⁵ Clinical Research Development Unit, Sina Educational, Research, and Treatment Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
⁶ Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
⁷ Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Applied Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
⁸ Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
⁹ Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
¹⁰ Istanbul Okan University, 34959 Tuzla/İstanbul, Turkey.
¹¹ Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran.

Abstract

Despite the widespread use of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) continues to be a global burden. Vaccination has been proposed to prevent and treat tuberculosis (TB) infection, and several of them are in different phases of clinical trials. Though vaccine production is in progress but requires more attention. There are several TB vaccines in the trial phase, most of which are based on a combination of proteins/adjuvants or recombinant viral vectors used for selected MTB antigens. In this review, we attempted to discuss different types of TB vaccines based on the vaccine composition, the immune responses generated, and their clinical trial phases. Furthermore, we have briefly overviewed the effective delivery systems used for the TB vaccine and their effectiveness in different vaccines.

Keywords: Bacillus Calmette–Guérin; Delivery systems; Tuberculosis; Vaccine.

Publication types

Review